#43 'How High the Moon' by Les Paul and Mary Ford (1951)

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"I like this one a lot. Can definitely hear some familiar rock structure in this song, including the almost obligatory guitar solo, but it's also 'different' enough to still be interesting." - LC




Written by: Morgan Lewis and Nancy Hamilton. 
Producer: Les Paul.

Label: Capitol.




FACTS


  • The first thing that sprung to my mind when I read the name Les Paul was the T. Rex lyric "With my Les Paul, I know I'm small but I enjoy living anyway." ...how true. Anyways, my point is, to me a 'Les Paul' has always been a model of guitar. Well, it turns out that Les Paul (the singer this time) was so dissatisfied in the 1930s with his semi-acoustic guitar, which he deemed to be too weedy on its own but too prone to feedback once amplified, that he decided the only solution was a fully amplified, solid-bodied instrument. He built his solution from a length of timber and added two cut-away sides to give the familiar appearance of an acoustic guitar as audiences found the initial appearance too bizarre. Nicknamed "the Log", it was the first-ever electric guitar! It was the direct precursor to the later Gibson model named in Paul's honour.
 
Les Paul with the original "Log"                              A Gibson Les Paul

  • After he had succeeded at solving the problem of how his guitar sounded, Paul set about solving the problem he had with the sound of his records. Bing Crosby suggested that he should build his own studio to better suit his own needs. 
  • Paul started his own studio in the garage of his home on Hollywood's North Curson Street. He equipped it to allow him to record himself playing various parts of a song which could then be layered together to create a whole song. 
  • In 1948, Les Paul was given one of the first Ampex Model 200A reel-to-reel audio tape recording decks by Crosby and went on to use Ampex's eight track "Sel-Sync" machines for multi-track recording. 
  • The same year, Capitol Records released a recording that had begun as an experiment in Paul's garage, entitled "Lover (When You're Near Me)." The song featured Paul playing eight different parts on electric guitar, some of the which were recorded at half-speed and therefore sounded twice as fast when played back at normal speed for the master. This was the first time that Les Paul had used multi-tracking in a recording. 
  • The studio drew many other famous vocalists and musicians who wanted the benefit of Paul's expertise. The home and studio are still standing, but both had been moved to Pasadena at some point after Paul no longer owned the home. 
  • In 1979, Paul and Ford's How High The Moon was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. 
  • Paul received a Grammy Trustees Award for his lifetime achievements in 1983. 
  • In 1988, Paul was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame by Jeff Beck, who said, "I've copied more licks from Les Paul than I'd like to admit." 
  • In 1991, the Mix Foundation established an annual award in his name; the Les Paul Award which honors "individuals or institutions that have set the highest standards of excellence in the creative application of audio technology." 
  • In 2003, Les was ranked as #46 on Rolling Stone's "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time." 
  • In 2005, he was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame for his development of the solid-body electric guitar. In July of this year, a 90th-birthday tribute concert was held at Carnegie Hall in New York City. After performances by Steve Miller, Peter Frampton, Jose Feliciano and a number of other contemporary guitarists and vocalists, Paul was presented with a commemorative guitar from the Gibson Guitar Corporation 
  • In 2006, Paul was inducted into the National Association of Broadcasters Hall of Fame. He was named an honorary member of the Audio Engineering Society. 
  • In 2007, he was awarded the National Medal of Arts. 
  • In February 2009, Paul sat down with Scott Vollweiler of Broken Records Magazine, in which would be one of Les Paul's final interviews. His candid answers were direct and emotional. Broken Records Magazine had planned to run that cover feature the following month but due to delays was held until the summer. 3 days before the release, Les Paul died at the age of 94. 
  • Upon learning of his death many artists and popular musicians paid tribute by publicly expressing their sorrow. After learning of Paul's death, former Guns 'n' Roses guitarist Slash called him "vibrant and full of positive energy.", while Richie Sambora, lead guitarist of Bon Jovi, referred to him as "revolutionary in the music business". U2 guitarist The Edge said, "His legacy as a musician and inventor will live on and his influence on rock and roll will never be forgotten."
  • In August, 2009, Paul was named one of the ten best electric guitar players of all-time by Time magazine. 
  • On June 9, 2010, which would have been Les Paul's 95th birthday, a tribute concert featuring Jeff Beck, Imelda May, Gary U.S. Bonds and Brian Setzer among others, was held at the Iridium Jazz Club where Les Paul played nearly every week almost to the end of his life. The concert was released on the live album Rock 'n' Roll Party (Honoring Les Paul) in 2011. 
  • On June 9–10, 2011 Google celebrated what would have been Paul's 96th birthday with a Google doodle of an interactive guitar. I actually remember this one but, back in July, I had no idea what an amazing man he was. Click here for the doodle - it's worth it! Just make sure you do come back again :p
Ok, so that was more of a biography of Les Paul, but tbh I couldn't help myself. What an amazing man! He even made it into my Facebook status, ha. I shall add a few more facts about the pair of them now... longest blog entry to date ;)


  • Paul met country and western singer Colleen Summers in 1945. They began to work together in 1948, during which time she adopted the stage name Mary Ford.
  • By 1949, Paul and Ford were married.
  • They had a string of hits, all of which featured Ford harmonising with herself (using the technique Paul had perfected in his home studio).
  • They adopted a girl, Colleen, in 1958 and their son Robert (Bobby) was born the following year. They had also lost a child, who was born prematurely and died only four days old.
  • Les Paul and Mary Ford divorced in 1963.

Recommended songs by this artist...


Bye Bye Blues (1953)
Just One More Chance (1951)
Meet Mister Callaghan (1952)
The World Is Waiting for the Sunrise (1951)
Tiger Rag (1952)
Vaya con dios (May God Be With You) (1953)

#42 'Cry' by Johnnie Ray & The Four Lads (1951)

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"I really like this song :) The melody is fab! I'm sure the lyrics will resonate with a lot of people too. Yes, this is goodun! I'm hoping that the '50s will bring me many gems like this one that I may never otherwise have heard." - LC




Written by: Churchill Kohlman.
Producer: Uncredited.

Label: Okeh.




FACTS

  • It was the drama and personality that Ray added to his performances that made him stand out as an original performer. He often broke down in tears when performing this song at his concerts. 
  • He became deaf in his right ear at age 13 after an accident during a Boy Scout"blanket toss," a variation of the trampoline. Due to this, Ray performed wearing a hearing aid. 
  • In 1958, at the age of 31, he had surgery which left him almost completely deaf in both ears, although hearing aids helped his condition. 
  • Ray was arrested twice for soliciting men for sex. After the first arrest in 1951, Ray quietly plead guilty and paid a fine. Despite this, Marilyn Morrison (the daughter of a night club owner) married him the following year, claiming (of his sexuality) that she would "straighten it out." The second arrest was in 1959 was for allegedly soliciting an undercover officer, however Ray was found 'not guilty'. 
  • Morrison and Ray's marriage didn't last (shocker!); they separated in 1953 and divorced in 1954. 
  • Since 1960, Ray began suffering as a result of his alcoholism. He was diagnosed with cirrhosis in 1977 and eventually died of liver failure in 1990.

#41 'Rocket 88' by Jackie Brenston & His Delta Cats (1951)

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"Now this is more like it! A bit of old fashioned rock 'n' roll. I will admit though that a lot of music from this time sounds much the same to me. This could be any classic rock 'n' roll song." - LC




Written by: Jackie Brenston.
Producer: Sam Phillips and Ike Turner.
Label: Chess.


FACTS

  • This is often cited as the first rock 'n' roll record (so I suppose, in actual fact, the songs that sounds like must have copied this one but as I was born over three decades after its release, I know a lot of songs that sound like this).
  • The pianist on the track is none other than Izear Luster Turner Jr., better known as Ike Turner of 'Ike & Tina Turner' fame.
  • In March 1951, Turner and his band The Kings of Rhythm traveled to cut a session at Sam Phillips's Memphis Recording Service, which later became Sun Studio, in Memphis, Tennessee. The band's vocalist/saxophonist Jackie Brenston, who also happened to be Ike's cousin, sang lead on Rocket 88. Phillips leased the master to Chicago's Chess record label.
  • Chess records were impressed with song and released it but they renamed the artist as Jackie Brenston & His Delta Cats. This angered Turner, who watched the song soar to number 1 on the Billboard R&B chart.  Turner also disputed that Brenston is the sole author of the song.
  • The fuzzy noise that can be heard in the background of the track is the result of guitarist Willie Kizart's amp falling from the roof of the band's car on the way to the studio, puncturing the speaker's cone, which Phillips then tried to fix by stuffing it with paper.
  • If you recognised the riff but hadn't heard this song before then you may know it from Little Richard's Good Golly, Miss Molly (1958), which stole the riff from this song, or from Cadillac Boogie (1947) by Jimmy Liggins, which this song pinched it from.
  • The song was covered by a country group called Bill Haley and the Saddlemen. Haley later went on to form rock 'n' roll group Bill Haley and the Comets (you might have heard of 'em, haha).

#40 'Mambo No. 5' by Perez Prado (1950)

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"Now THIS is quality! Anyone remember Lou Bega's # A little bit of Monica in my life, a little bit of Erica by my side...# ? Well this would be the original version of Mambo No. 5.  Another good find in a sea full of sub-par songs that makes up the entries in this book." - LC




Written by: Perez Prado.
Producer: Uncredited.

Label:RCA Victor.



FACTS

  • Prado left his native Cuba in 1947 because he felt his innovative music was being stifled by his producer who branded it "too weird."
  • He lived briefly in Puerto Rico before settling in Mexico, where his "mambo" style was an instant hit largely due to being featured in many Mexican films.
  • Prado is thought to have launched the mambo craze that took hold in the 1950s with this very song.
  • You might remember the a reworking of this original song from 1999. A previously unknown German artist of Ugandan and Sicilian descent, Lou Bega, added lyrics and modernised the sound before releasing it as the hit Mambo No. 5 (A Little Bit Of...).

Recommended songs by this artist...

Patricia (1959, 1962)


And a song from my childhood, Lou Bega's version:




#39 'Goodnight, Irene' by The Weavers (1950)

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"This one is a bit too 'all American' for my tastes. Someone pass the vomit bag... Its catchy though, so no doubt I'll be humming it later." - LC




Written by: Traditional; Huddie Ledbetter and John A. Lomax.
Producer: Uncredited.

Label: Decca.



FACTS

  • Now here's a fact that links back to #18 'The Gallis Pole' by Lead Belly (1939)... do you remember me telling you that Lead Belly managed to sing his way out of prison?! Well, tada! This would be the very song Huddie Ledbetter sang ;)
  • The exact origin of the song is unknown but it suspected that it could stretch back as far as the 1880s and Gussie Lord Davis's Irene, Good Night.
  • However, it was Lead Belly's version of the song recorded by Alan and John Lomax that popularised the song.
  • The song went on to become one of the greatest American folk standards of the twentieth century, however that ranking wasn't Lead Belly's but this one by the Weavers.
  • Pete Seeger's folk quartet learnt the tune straight from Lead Belly but omitted some of the more controversial verses including the line "If Irene turns her back on me, I'm going to take morophine and die."
  • The song went to number 1 in the US and stayed on the charts for almost half a year.
  • Other cover versions include those by Frank Sinatra, Jerry Lee Lewis, Johnny Cash, Little  Richard and Jimi Hendrix, Meat Puppets, Tom Waits, and Band from TV with Hugh Laurie doing piano and vocals.
  • The song is also sung by the supporters of Bristol Rovers FC.

Recommended songs by this artist...

On Top of Old Smoky (1951)

#38 'Summertime' by Sarah Vaughan (1950)

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"From Autumn back to Summer... This is the sort of 'olden days' singing I can get on board with. She has a sassiness in her style, much like Jessica Rabbit. I like the lyrics to this one too. I think this one might stick in my head for a while. It's quite dreamy if you listen to the music." - LC



Written by: George Gershwin and DuBose Heyward.
Producer: Joe Lippman.
Label: Columbia.


FACTS

  • This song was composed by George Gerschwin in 1935, for the opera Porgy and Bess; the lyrics were written by DuBose Heyward, who was the author of the book Porgy upon which the opera was based.
  • While the opera has been criticised for sustaining white stereotypes of southern black life but this individual song has become a popular jazz standard.
  • There are over 30,000 known recorded versions of Summertime.
  • Recording artists who have covered this song include: Billie Holiday, Louis Armstrong and Ella Fitzgerald, Gene Vincent and Miles Davis, Sam Cook and the Marcels, Janis Joplin with Big Brother & the Holding Company, Billy Stewart, The Doors, and Morcheeba and Hubert Laws.
  • Pop-punk band Sublime based their song Doin' Time on this song.

Recommended songs by this artist...

C'est la Vie (1955)
Experience Unnecessary (1955)
How Important Can It Be? (1955)

#37 'Autumn Leaves' by Jo Stafford (1950)

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*Another one you'll have to 'Watch on YouTube'*






"First impression is that it's a bit moany and dull. I like the musical arrangement but the singing is a bit boring, if I'm being honest (which I, usually always, am). It's pleasant enough but I think I could have died quite happily having not heard it." - LC


Written by: Joseph Kosma, Jaques Prevert and Johnny Mercer.
Producer: Uncredited.
Label: Capitol.


FACTS

  • Jo Stafford found fame singing with The Pied Pipers and became a favourite of U.S. troops in World War II, which earned her the nickname 'G.I. Jo'.
  • Although Autumn Leaves is now a jazz classic, it began life as a French tune written in 1946.
  • Johnny Mercer brought the song to America with new English lyrics that he had written to Joseph Kosma's melody.
  • Stafford is viewed as the pioneer of musical parody and won a Grammy for Best Comedy Album in 1961.
  • She was the first woman to reach number 1 in the UK singles chart.
  • She retired in 1966, whilst only in her forties, exclaiming that she was hanging up her mic "for the same reason that Lana Turner doesn't pose in a bathing suit any more."

Recommended songs by this artist...

"A" You're Adorable (1949)
How Sweet You Are (1944)
It's Almost Tomorrow (1956)
Jambalaya (1952)
That's for Me (1945)
There's No You (1945)
Whispering Hope (1962)
You Belong to Me (1952)

My verdict on the Pre-1950s entries.

Well, firstly, I would just like to say how relieved I am to have finally reached the 1950s. It was quite a struggle listening to some of those songs... However, I thought what might be nice to sort of break up the song posts a bit would be to pinpoint the songs that did stand out, either because they were brilliant or because they were particularly awful and made me question why on earth they were included in the first place.


So here we go...


The absolute winner would have to be:
#8 'Minnie the Moocher' by Cab Calloway & His Orchestra (1931)




Highlights:
(There are some good songs that I've left out but my original list was 20 songs long)

#1 'O Sole Mio' by Enrico Caruso (1916)
#3 'Allons à Lafayette' by Joe and Cléoma Falcon (1928)
#6 'St. James Infirmary Blues' by Louis Armstrong & His Hot Five (1929)
#9 'Need a Little Sugar in My Bowl' by Bessie Smith (1931)
#16 'Strange Fruit' by Billie Holiday (1939)
#17 'Over the Rainbow' by Judy Garland (1939)
#19 'Mbube' by Solomon Linda & the Evening Birds (1939)
#20 'The Java Jive' by The Ink Spots (1940)
#21 'Gloomy Sunday' by Billie Holiday (1941)
#23 'God Bless the Child' by Billie Holiday (1941)
#25 'Rum and Coca-Cola' by Lord Invader (1943)
#27 'Lili Marleen' by Marlene Dietrich (1945)
#31 'La Mer' by Charles Trenet (1946)
#32 'White Christmas' by Bing Crosby (1947)
#34 'Nature Boy' by The Nat King Cole Trio (1948)

Songs that I found particularly tedious:

#5 'Pokarekare' by Ana Hato (1929)
#14 'Cross Road Blues' by Robert Johnson (1936)
#29 'Al Gurugu' by La Nina de los Peines (1946)

#36 'I'm So Lonesome I Could Cry' by Hank Williams (1949)

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*You will have to click on 'Watch on YouTube' - not entirely sure why it makes a difference*




"Haha, well I know of Hank Williams because one of the prisoners in The Shawshank Redemption (one of my favourite films of all time) is a huge fan, but this is the first song of his that I have heard. I like it. It sounds like country and Hawaiian music had a baby! I also like his style of singing. Proper old school country and blues!" - LC




Written by: Hank Williams.
Producer: Uncredited.
Label: MGM.


FACTS

  • Hank Williams often put his own life into his songs, whether it be poking fun at his own alcoholism in My Bucket's Got a Hole in it or eerily anticipating his own downfall in I'll Never Get Out of This World Alive, which was released only weeks before his death.
  • I'm So Lonesome I Could Cry was apparently written about his turbulent marriage.
  • This song began life as a poem before Williams had a change of heart.
  • It was originally the B-side of My Bucket's Got a Hole in it so it wasn't a hit in its day.
  • It has since become a reference point for his troubled life, which ended with him dosed up on morphine and alcohol in the backseat of a car on New Year's Day, 1953. 
  • Rolling Stone ranked it #111 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. It's the second oldest song on the list, and one of only two from the 1940s.
  • Cover versions of the song include those by artists such as Johnny Cash with Nick Cave, Ray Charles, Dean Martin, Al Green, Bob Dylan, Little Richard, Elvis Presley, and Me First & the Gimme Gimmes.

Recommended songs by this artist...

Lost Highway (1949)

#35 'Saturday Night Fry Fish' by Louis Jordan & His Tympany Five (1949)

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"Well, it put a smile on my face straight away! Love the rhythm of the verses too. This tune makes me want to dance. Quality! Yeah, this is one to listen to folks! In fact, I would definitely listen to this one again." - LC




Written by: Louis Jordan and Ellis Walsh.
Producer: Uncredited.

Label: Decca.



FACTS

  • This song tells the tale of a police raid on a New Orleans house party.
  • It spent 12 weeks at the top of the US R&B chart and was one of Louis Jordan's last hits.
  • By 1951, his 10-year chart run had begun to decline as rock 'n' roll, a genre he'd help to create, was becoming more and more popular.
  • It also reached 21 in the main chart, which, at the time, was quite an achievement for a record by an artist who was non-white.
  • Four decades later, his music was rediscovered when Clarke Peters created the musical Five Guys Named Moe, basing it around Jordan's songs; the musical transferred from the London fringe to lengthy runs in the West End and on Broadway. 
  • BBC comedy-show host Stephen Fry adapted the song's title into a play on his own name and used the result for his six-part 1988 programme Saturday Night Fry. 
  • American radio station WHRV, broadcasting from Norfolk, Virginia, uses the song's name for its Saturday night early-jazz program hosted by Neal Murray.